The Black and Tan Terrier is an extinct type of dog that was drawn into The Kennel Club as the Welsh Terrier and that remains extant outside the Kennel Club as a 'Fell Terrier'.
American Hunt Terrier Club Association breed standard. Black and tan hunt terriers also know as the black and tan jack Russell terrier can be also be red. They are short legged with great temperments. They make wonderful working dogs or family pets.
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History[edit]
Working Fell Terriers (non-Kennel Club working terriers from the rocky Lakeland Fells [1] region of the UK) have always been quite variable in terms of size and shape, but have always been coloured terriers (tan, black or black and tan), as opposed to the white-coated 'foxing terriers' preferred in the south of England. Today, black and tan Fell Terriers are sometimes referred to as 'working Lakelands' or Patterdale Terriers or simply as 'black and tan' terriers.
With the rise of dog shows in the 1860s, a race began to give every visually distinctive type of dog a name and 'improve' it through selective breeding, and terriers were at the very top of breed fancy concerns. From the coloured rough-coated Fell Terriers of Cumberland, Westmorland and the Scottish Borders were developed several Kennel Club breeds, including the Lakeland Terrier, the Welsh Terrier, the Border Terrier and the Manchester Terrier.
In the rush to create and claim new breeds, competing groups of dog breeders sometimes came up with different names for the same dog, and it was very common for entirely fictional breed histories to be knitted together as well—all part of a campaign to declare a new breed and create a bit of personal distinction for a dog's originator (to say nothing of sales).
In the early 1880s, a group of English Kennel Club breeders decided to embrace a rather ponderous name and an incredible assertion for the brown and black working terriers of the North: they were, they asserted, 'the root stock' of all terriers in the British Isles, and they were to be called the 'Old English Broken-Haired Black and Tan.'
The Welsh were outraged to have the English bring down a few of 'their' dogs and claim they were an 'Old English' anything. These were Welsh dogs, and the Welshmen moved quickly to establish that fact. The Welsh got organised quickly, and in 1884 they held the first dog show with classes just for Welsh Terriers in Pwllheli, Caernarfonshire with 90 dogs in attendance—a rather impressive opening shot in what was to be a brief, but furious, 'terrier war.' (McLennan, 1999 | Burns, 2005)
For their part, proponents of the 'Old English Black and Tan' moniker could not seem to coalesce into a real club; in fact they could not even agree on a name for their supposedly 'Old English' breed. Some called it the 'Old English Broken-Haired Black and Tan Terrier,' some the 'Old English Wire Haired Black and Tan,' some the 'Broken-Haired Black and Tan,' and some just 'Black and Tan'—a colour-description that has been used about as often as 'white dog' or 'yellow hound'.
Whatever they might have called the dogs, this new Kennel Club 'breed' appears to have been a put-up job consisting of a mix of terrier types that would not breed true. In 1885 a survey of the winning dogs in the ring found that all of them were, in fact, first generation dogs, i.e. not Black and Tans out of Black and Tan sires and dams, but Black and Tans produced out of crosses with other breeds. For example, the winner of the first show in 1884 was a dog named Crib that was a cross between a blue-black rough terrier (what might be called a dark Border Terrier today) and a famous smooth fox terrier owned by L.P.C. Ashley called Corinthian.
In 1885, the Kennel Club took a Solomonic approach to the name and breed standard for the dog, featuring both dogs at their 1885 show. On April 5, 1887, however, because the English could not get organised, they were dropped from Kennel Club listings, and the new 'Welsh Terrier' breed was born, perhaps propelled forward in popularity by the rise of David Lloyd George, the son of a Welsh cobbler, who himself had risen from humble origins to stand should-to-shoulder with the gentry.
The notion that the Black and Tan terrier is now 'extinct' is due almost solely to the existence of a book by Vero Shaw titled The Illustrated Book of the Dog. Printed in 1881, right at the beginning of the 'terrier wars,' this book contains about 100 chromo-lithograph plates and engravings of dog breeds that were, at the time of publication, being put forth as distinct entities. Shaw included the Black and Tan as well as another dog soon to pass into extinction (the English White Terrier), betting that the political machinations of English Kennel Club dog breeders would prevail. (McLennan, 1999 | Burns, 2005) He was wrong, and after roughly 20 years the two breeds became extinct.[citation needed]
See also[edit]
- Tiny the Wonder, famous 19th century black and tan terrier.
References[edit]
- Burns, Patrick. American Working Terriers, 2005. ISBN1-4116-6082-X
- McLennan, Bardi. The Welsh Terrier Leads the Way, 1999. ISBN0-944875-38-6
| Russell Terrier | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other names | F.C.I. Jack Russell Terrier | |||||||||||||
| Origin | England | |||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||
| Notes | Country of Development: Australia. The U.K.C. and A.K.C. Russell Terrier was accepted into both kennel clubs based on the F.C.I. Jack Russell Terrier standard. | |||||||||||||
| Domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) | ||||||||||||||
The Russell Terrier is a predominantly white working terrier with an instinct to hunt prey underground. The breed was derived from Jack Russell's working terrier strains that were used in the 19th century for fox hunting. Russell's fox working strains were much smaller than the Show Fox Terrier and remained working terriers. The size of the Russell Terrier (10″ to 12″) combined with a small flexible, spannable chest makes it an ideal size to work efficiently underground. Their unique rectangular body shape with the body being of slightly longer length than the leg makes them distinctly different from the Parson Russell Terrier and the Jack Russell Terrier of the Jack Russell Terrier Club of America (JRTCA).
The Russell Terrier originated in England, but the country of development was Australia.
- 1History
History[edit]
The name Jack Russell Terrier was never used to describe a breed of dog. Rather, it became a common name for any predominantly-white earth-working terrier after the death of the clergyman Jack Russell. The only requisite was color, the instinct combined with the will to employ earth-work, and the size to work efficiently underground. Still today, the name is widely used for working terriers of the Parsons Reverend's style. It was in the country of development, Australia, that this 10-12 inch dog was first standardized by Kennel Club recognition with the official name 'Jack Russell Terrier' applied to the breed.[1] This ultimately led to recognition of the breed by FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale) countries, including Ireland and most recently, the US. Unfortunately, due to the previous use of the name in the US and England, the name Jack Russell Terrier is conflicting. In the US, a terrier conforming to the Australian/FCI standard is simply called a Russell Terrier.
Black And Tan Irish Jack Russell
The Russell Terrier is a very popular companion breed in the US. The breed is a working breed, not a companion breed. They are bred by dedicated fanciers to preserve their working functional conformation and the instinct to employ their original purpose as earth terriers. This makes them an excellent performance breed participating in a variety of events: natural hunting which includes earthwork, agility, rally, obedience, tracking, go-to-ground, and conformation, etc. They are also therapy and service dogs.
Breed development in England and Australia[edit]
In the early 1970s, the Jack Russell Terrier Club of Great Britain was formed, and this body instituted a very primitive form of registration. Soon, Jack Russell Terrier Clubs were being formed worldwide, including Australia. The Jack Russell Terrier Club of Australia was formed in 1972.[2] This national organization set up a particularly comprehensive registration system, along with a formal breed standard. This club also initiated discussions with their KC regarding the possibility of the breed being accepted for registration as a pure breed.
The Russell Terrier in the US[edit]
The Russell Terrier, also known as the FCI type Jack Russell Terrier, is a recognized Kennel Club breed and is maintained separately from the AKC Parson Russell Terrier and the UKC Parson Russell Terrier. In 2001, the United Kennel Club accepted the application from the English Jack Russell Terrier Club to give dogs in their registry the official 'FS' designation. UKC officially recognized the breed as the Russell Terrier because the name Jack Russell Terrier was already in use for the longer legged dog in 2001. The UKC breed standard was changed in 2005 from the original standard of 2001. In 2009 the UKC changed the name to Jack Russell to go back to their original standard and align themselves with the rest of the world.[3] The American Kennel Club AKC accepted the breed into the FSS Program on December 8, 2004 based on the FCI Jack Russell standard also submitted by the EJRTC, aka the American Russell Terrier Club.[4] The American Rare Breed Association recognized the 'Russell Terrier' in 2003, with the old UKC standard[5] originally written by the UKC. This standard was based on the same standard written by Australia[6] and used also in Ireland. The original ARBA[7] standard was then changed by the NRTFC to a new standard in November 2008, than again on January 1, 2010. The AKC parent club for the Russell Terrier changed the FCI breed standard in 2010 and introduced their own standard which is now different from the rest of the world and FCI. The NRTFC[8] was the first and is the only organization in the world and history of the breed to recognize only the smooth coated dog.[9]
However, after 15 years of maintaining the Russell Terrier in the US and longer internationally as a distinctly separate breed, due to the rectangular appearance unique only to the Jack Russell/Russell Terrier, they can no longer be considered variations.
Black Jack Russell For Sale
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^'The Russell Terrier'. Pet Health Network. Retrieved 2019-12-22.
- ^'About the JRTCA'. Jack Russell Terrier Club of Australia, Inc. Retrieved 26 October 2016.
- ^'JRT-PRT Position Paper October 2, 2008'. United Kennel Club, Inc. 9 October 2008. Retrieved 26 October 2016.
- ^'The American Russell Terrier Club, Inc. - The American Russell Terrier, Inc, the ARTC, Inc'. theartc.org.
- ^'Russell Terrier'. ukcdogs.com. Archived from the original on 25 October 2001.
- ^'letter from United Kennel Club to English Jack Russell Terrier Club recognizing the Russell Terrier'. shortjackrussell.com. 2001-01-23. Archived from the original on 2014-01-13. Retrieved 2014-01-30.
- ^'American Rare Breed Association'. Arba.org. Retrieved 2014-01-30.
- ^'NRTFC- National UKC Russell Terrier Club'. Ukcrussellterrier.com. Retrieved 2014-01-30.
- ^'Russell Terrier'. Arba.org. 2010-01-01. Retrieved 2014-01-30.
- Burns, Patrick. 'American Working Terriers'. 2005. ISBN1-4116-6082-X
- Lucas M.C., Jocelyn M. 'Hunt and Working Terriers' First published 1931. Reprinted in 1979 by Tideline Books
Irish Jack Russell Terrier Pictures
External links[edit]
Media related to Jack Russell Terrier at Wikimedia Commons